{"id":20434,"date":"2026-05-19T15:37:33","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T13:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hayaenergy.com\/nouvelle-impulsion-pour-le-marche-de-capacite-les-fondations-sont-etablies\/"},"modified":"2026-05-19T15:56:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T13:56:00","slug":"nouvelle-impulsion-pour-le-marche-de-capacite-les-fondations-sont-etablies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hayaenergy.com\/fr\/nouvelle-impulsion-pour-le-marche-de-capacite-les-fondations-sont-etablies\/","title":{"rendered":"Nouvelle impulsion pour le march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 : les fondations sont \u00e9tablies."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Le minist\u00e8re de la Transition \u00e9cologique et du D\u00e9fi d\u00e9mographique a franchi une \u00e9tape cl\u00e9 dans le d\u00e9veloppement du march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique p\u00e9ninsulaire.<\/strong> Par la R\u00e9solution 14438\/2025, les valeurs de la Value of Lost Load<\/em> (VoLL) et du standard de fiabilit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement fix\u00e9es, conform\u00e9ment au r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/943 et \u00e0 ses r\u00e9formes les plus r\u00e9centes.<\/p>

Qu\u2019a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9 ?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h6>

\u00a0<\/h3>
  • Valeur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie non distribu\u00e9e (VoLL) : 22 879 \u20ac\/MWh<\/li><\/ul>

    Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019estimation du prix maximal que les consommateurs sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 payer afin d\u2019\u00e9viter des interruptions d\u2019alimentation \u00e9lectrique. Ce param\u00e8tre refl\u00e8te le co\u00fbt social d\u2019une panne d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>

    • Standard de fiabilit\u00e9 : 1,5 heure de perte de charge attendue par an (LOLE)<\/li><\/ul>

      Il s\u2019agit du niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 que l\u2019on cherche \u00e0 maintenir dans l\u2019approvisionnement \u00e9lectrique. Il repr\u00e9sente le nombre d\u2019heures par an durant lesquelles la demande pourrait ne pas \u00eatre couverte avec les ressources disponibles.<\/p>

      \u00c0 quoi servent ces param\u00e8tres ?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h6>

      Ces deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments constituent des pr\u00e9requis techniques et r\u00e9glementaires n\u00e9cessaires pour justifier et permettre la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9. Des simulations \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques du futur syst\u00e8me (demande, production renouvelable, etc.) sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9es afin de d\u00e9terminer si le standard de fiabilit\u00e9 peut \u00eatre respect\u00e9. En utilisant la VoLL et le co\u00fbt d\u2019entr\u00e9e de nouvelles capacit\u00e9s (Cost of New Entry \u2013 CoNE<\/em>), il est possible d\u2019\u00e9valuer si le risque de d\u00e9faillance d\u00e9passe le seuil fix\u00e9. Dans ce cas, un \u00ab probl\u00e8me de couverture \u00bb est identifi\u00e9, ce qui permet de justifier r\u00e9glementairement la mise en place de m\u00e9canismes de capacit\u00e9.<\/p>

      Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une \u00e9tape fondamentale dans la transformation du syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique vers un mod\u00e8le plus r\u00e9silient, plus s\u00fbr et d\u00e9carbon\u00e9.<\/p>

      Comment ces valeurs se comparent-elles \u00e0 celles adopt\u00e9es dans d\u2019autres pays europ\u00e9ens ?<\/span><\/p>

      La Value of Lost Load<\/em> (VoLL) peut \u00eatre calcul\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e selon le type de consommateur (r\u00e9sidentiel, commercial, industriel), la r\u00e9gion, voire le profil d\u2019utilisation de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Cette approche est courante dans de nombreux pays, notamment pour les \u00e9valuations internes ou la planification du syst\u00e8me, car l\u2019impact \u00e9conomique d\u2019une coupure de courant varie consid\u00e9rablement selon les utilisateurs concern\u00e9s.<\/p>

      Cependant, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019article 11 du r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/943, chaque \u00c9tat membre est tenu d\u2019\u00e9tablir une estimation nationale unique de la VoLL. Celle-ci constitue un pr\u00e9requis r\u00e9glementaire pour d\u00e9finir le standard de fiabilit\u00e9 et justifier la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme de capacit\u00e9. Ainsi, les pays ayant adopt\u00e9 un mod\u00e8le de march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 publient une seule valeur officielle de VoLL.<\/p>

      La VoLL r\u00e9cemment fix\u00e9e par l\u2019Espagne \u00e0 22 879 \u20ac\/MWh place le pays dans la fourchette haute europ\u00e9enne, d\u00e9passant les niveaux adopt\u00e9s par des pays comme la France (~17 000 \u20ac\/MWh), les Pays-Bas (~20 000 \u20ac\/MWh) et le Royaume-Uni (~20 000 \u20ac\/MWh \u00e9quivalent). Cette valeur refl\u00e8te une approche r\u00e9glementaire prudente privil\u00e9giant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019approvisionnement, puisqu\u2019une VoLL plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e implique un co\u00fbt social per\u00e7u plus important des interruptions \u00e9lectriques et facilite donc la justification de m\u00e9canismes de capacit\u00e9.<\/p>

      \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, des pays comme l\u2019Allemagne n\u2019ont pas publi\u00e9 de VoLL officielle unique, ayant choisi de ne pas mettre en place de march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 r\u00e9glement\u00e9. Cette divergence m\u00e9thodologique illustre la diversit\u00e9 des strat\u00e9gies adopt\u00e9es par les \u00c9tats membres de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne : certains, comme l\u2019Espagne, s\u2019alignent sur le cadre europ\u00e9en afin de permettre des m\u00e9canismes d\u2019aide d\u2019\u00c9tat visant \u00e0 garantir la fermet\u00e9 et la flexibilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me, tandis que d\u2019autres s\u2019appuient davantage sur les signaux du march\u00e9 ou sur des r\u00e9serves strat\u00e9giques.<\/p>

      Concernant le standard de fiabilit\u00e9 (LOLE), l\u2019Espagne a adopt\u00e9 un seuil de 1,5 heure\/an, plus strict que la moyenne europ\u00e9enne, o\u00f9 3 heures\/an sont couramment utilis\u00e9es en France et au Royaume-Uni, et jusqu\u2019\u00e0 4 heures\/an aux Pays-Bas. Ce seuil plus bas signifie que le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique espagnol devra disposer d\u2019un niveau plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9s fermes ou flexibles afin de respecter la marge de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9finie.<\/p>

      D\u2019un point de vue technologique, cette configuration r\u00e9glementaire est particuli\u00e8rement favorable aux actifs tels que les centrales \u00e0 cycle combin\u00e9 gaz (CCGT) performantes, le stockage d\u2019\u00e9nergie et les m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la demande (DSR). Ces technologies devraient b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de m\u00e9canismes de capacit\u00e9 bien con\u00e7us, car elles apportent de la valeur gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur disponibilit\u00e9, leur rapidit\u00e9 de r\u00e9ponse et leur capacit\u00e9 de gestion de la charge \u2014 des capacit\u00e9s essentielles pour maintenir la fiabilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me dans les limites de risque d\u00e9finies par le r\u00e9gulateur espagnol.<\/p>

      Et maintenant ?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>

      Bien qu\u2019aucune date pr\u00e9cise ne soit mentionn\u00e9e dans le BOE, la s\u00e9quence logique est la suivante :<\/p>

      • Les valeurs cl\u00e9s (VoLL et standard de fiabilit\u00e9) sont d\u00e9sormais \u00e9tablies.<\/li>
      • La prochaine \u00e9tape sera la publication de l\u2019analyse nationale de couverture (LOLE et ENS projet\u00e9s selon diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios).<\/li>
      • \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que le processus r\u00e9glementaire est dans sa phase finale et que la r\u00e9solution a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e le 12 juillet 2025, il est raisonnable de s\u2019attendre \u00e0 la publication des r\u00e9sultats de cette analyse dans les prochains mois, comme condition pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 l\u2019approbation d\u00e9finitive du march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 p\u00e9ninsulaire.<\/li><\/ul>
        Conclusion :<\/span><\/span><\/h6>

        Avec la publication de cette r\u00e9solution, l\u2019Espagne avance r\u00e9solument vers la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme de capacit\u00e9 dans le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique p\u00e9ninsulaire, apr\u00e8s des ann\u00e9es de travaux techniques et r\u00e9glementaires dans cette direction.<\/p>

        La d\u00e9finition de la valeur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie non distribu\u00e9e et du standard de fiabilit\u00e9 constitue une \u00e9tape cl\u00e9 et n\u00e9cessaire pour se conformer aux exigences europ\u00e9ennes et r\u00e9pondre, de mani\u00e8re structur\u00e9e, aux d\u00e9fis associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>

        Si les d\u00e9lais pr\u00e9vus sont respect\u00e9s, tout indique que l\u2019Espagne pourra enfin disposer d\u2019un march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 apportant davantage de fermet\u00e9 et de flexibilit\u00e9 au syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Le minist\u00e8re de la Transition \u00e9cologique et du D\u00e9fi d\u00e9mographique a franchi une \u00e9tape cl\u00e9 dans le d\u00e9veloppement du march\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique p\u00e9ninsulaire. Par la R\u00e9solution 14438\/2025, les valeurs de la Value of Lost Load (VoLL) et du standard de fiabilit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement fix\u00e9es, conform\u00e9ment au r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/943 et \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":18034,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,55,31],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMarch\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 espagnol | Haya Energy Solution<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"March\u00e9 de capacit\u00e9 espagnol ; 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